08 March 2020

Yaesu FT-991A vs. Icom IC-7100

Right now I'm following an odd on-line discussion on QRZ.com regarding the Yaesu FT-991A. There's no small amount of FT-991A bashing going on. But what makes this discussion odd is that it's taking place on the 'Online Swapmeet' portion of the website, and it's the guy selling the radio who started the bashing!

Heck of a way to make a sale. It's almost like he really doesn't want to get rid of it.

A number of people in the discussion are comparing the FT-991A to the IC-7100. After some thought I figured that was a fair comparison. These radios offer very equivalent feature sets, and are based on the same technology. So why is one almost 50% more expensive than the other? Honestly, I can't really say for sure, but I can speculate...

But first, let's do a quick comparison (because of the limitations of Google's Blogger platform I can't format for a side-by-side setup, so we'll just stack the comparisons):

Yaesu FT-991A
  • 32-bit DSP
  • Triple conversion super heterodyne on SSB/CW/AM
  • Double conversion super heterodyne on FM
  • HF/VHF/UHF
  • 100 watts HF/50 watts VHF/35 watts UHF
  • C4FM digital mode on VHF & UHF
  • 3kHz roofing filter
  • TXCO
  • Built-in sound card interface (for HF digital modes)
  • Built-in antenna tuner
  • Real time band scope
  • Color touch screen display
  • Hybrid touch screen & conventional button interfaces
  • USB interface

Icom IC-7100 (major differences with the FT-991A highlighted)
  • 32 bit DSP (in fact, it looks like Icom & Yaesu use the same Texas Instruments chip in this application)
  • Triple conversion super heterodyne receiver on SSB/CW/AM
  • Double conversion super heterodyne on FM
  • HF/VHF/UHF
  • 100 watts HF/50 watts VHF/35 watts UHF
  • DSTAR digital modes for VHF/UHF/HF
  • 3kHz roofing filter
  • TXCO
  • Built-in sound card interface (for HF digital modes)
  • NO antenna tuner
  • NO real-time band scope
  • B&W touch screen display
  • Hybrid touch screen & conventional button interfaces
  • USB interface
This is a comparison of the basic feature set, and based on what we see here I can spot some of the reasons for the price difference - the IC-7100 lacks an antenna tuner, a real-time band scope and only offers a black & white touch screen. Of course this accounts for much (but not all) of the price difference. Another chunk of the price difference is likely product age. The IC-7100 has been on the market for a few years longer than the FT-991A, and Amateur Radio manufacturers tend to slowly drop the price of their radios as their competitors introduce equivalent products and demand starts to sag. Plus, I honestly believe that IC-7100 sales were (and are) unfairly hurt by the non-conventional form factor.

But there's more to the comparison of these two radios than just the basic feature set. The big questions is, how do they work in the real world? Is one better than the other for my specific needs? From this perspective the answer is, both are good, neither is perfect, but one comes out the winner.

Before we move on I have to say that as basic ham radio both are very, very good. If all you need is a box that lets you speak and hear, either of these will do admirably.

Now lets fashion a scenario that fits the theme of this blog. I spend about 60% of my radio time on digital modes - usually one of three modes; Winlink, JS8CALL and MARS using the MS-DMT modem package. The other 40% of the time I spend on formal voice nets. I may play in a contest or two throughout the year, but my real focus these days is emergency communications. For the EMCOMM role I already have an excellent station radio - a MARS modified Icom IC-7300. What I need is a radio that can serve as a main rig back-up AND is fully functional in a deployed, or portable, mode. Having VHF and UHF on-board is desirable, but not absolutely essential.

When operating portable my main scenario, the one that I focus on, is emergency communications. Yes, yes, yes, that's a thinly veiled excuse to go to a park and 'play radio', but I'm serious about getting the mix of radio, antenna, power source, computer, and software right to support a real-world emergency communications scenario. Given that, there are enough small differences between the FT-991A and the IC-7100 that actually allow a winner to emerge. It all comes down to ease of use and some seemingly minor feature differences between radios.

First, the winner:


I've discussed the IC-7100 in the not-too-distant past, so I'll just say that in overall feature set and implementation the IC-7100 is the clear winner. While the FT-991A is no slouch, the IC-7100 races ahead with some characteristics that stand out when talking about emergency communications support in Georgia.

  • DSTAR. While I'm no big fan of FM digital modes, Georgia ARES has 'adopted' DSTAR as an FM digital standard and has actually seeded DSTAR repeaters across the state. Sure, I could handle this requirement with an HT, but having DSTAR built into the base radio makes life a little bit simpler
  • SD card compatibility. The IC-7100 has an SD card slot, and SD cards can be used to store configuration files, audio recordings, logs and other key data. But the real benefit of the SD card feature is the ability to distribute radio configuration files via radio (HF WinLink) to update other IC-7100's at remote locations, and without the use of the internet. The FT-991A does not have an SD card slot
  • Feature implementation. While both radios share a mostly equivalent feature set, the IC-7100 just does a better job. The combination of touch screen commands and physical buttons is better thought out (and laid out) than on the Yaesu. The command set makes more sense. It's just an easier radio to live with.
  • HF digital modes. This is where the IC-7100 shines. Icom just does a better job with its sound card configuration command set. As of this writing I have more experience running the FT-991A on digital modes (it's running  Winlink as I type this) so I understand the Yaesu digital mode command set as well as the next person. I have to maintain a 5-column 'cheat sheet' of digital mode settings for the FT-991A, so I know what menu settings to adjust for various digital modes. The IC-7100 doesn't require a 'cheat sheet'; there's really only one or two settings I have to remember. In addition, the Icom command set is better supported by many of the digital mode packages I run. In particular, the MARS MS-DMT software modem. MS-DMT is relatively simple to configure for use with the IC-7100, but does not work at all (in my experience) with the FT-991A. This is really a limitation of the software, but it is a real-world restriction that needs to be taken into consideration
However, it's not a perfect world. The IC-7100's display can best be described as 'adequate'. It's not the lack of snazzy color options that's the problem. It's the relatively low resolution of the dot matrix display. What could have been a crisp, clear character set with just a slight bump up in pixel count is instead rendered like the poorly formed characters on an old Atari game console. Space Invaders anyone? If Icom could do one thing to improve this radio it would be to incorporate a higher resolution display.

How about the lack of a real-time band scope? I have to admit, the band scope feature on the FT-991A is slick, and useful. I do miss it on the IC-7100. The Icom does have a band 'sweep' function that gives you a snapshot of what's happening on the band, but it's not real time and it's relatively crude by comparison. Useful? Yes. As good as the FT-991A? No, it's not even close. 

Is the lack of an internal tuner a real problem? While having a built-in tuner is a nice feature, my experience is that most tuners can only match 'almost resonant' antennas, say 3:1 or 4:1. In EMCOMM applications I might have to tune up some odd antenna installations and configurations, so I carry an external tuner anyway. I really don't miss an internal tuner.

Now, the second place finisher. Lost by a nose...




So what good things to I have to say about the FT-991A? Plenty. 

The build quality is excellent. It's a tough, rugged and compact beast. Yaesu knows how to pack a lot of technology into small packages and it shows with this radio. Although the menu options are complex, once you learn the 'system' it's easy to navigate around. Once you conquer the labyrinthine digital mode settings the Yaesu works fine on digital modes. Just have your cheat sheet handy. 

There's a lot of controversy on the web about how Yaesu 'hybridized' the touch screen display. I think the criticism is overblown. The digital display, while not super high resolution, is more than adequate enough to convey all the critical info in one glance, and the integration between the touchscreen and the manual buttons and knobs is well thought out.

And last, I've gotten more unsolicited "your audio's great" reports with the FT-991A than I have with any other radio. Yaesu knows SSB audio, and it shows.

Both radios will stay in my stable for the foreseeable future. But if a CAT 5 hurricane swept across south Georgia tomorrow and I was asked to deploy, it would be the IC-7100 that gets tossed in the truck.

W8BYH out

6 comments:

  1. Ever since I passed my Tech Exam I have been researching transceivers HF all the way to 2M and 70cm for use as a base and possible portable is an emergency arose . One of the radios that stood out was the Yaesu FT-991A because of size and portability, BUT, in the research I also saw the ICOM IC-7100. It stood out mainly because it had all the necessary features that I was looking for but the price was $300 less than the Yaesu. Bottom line, feature for feature the IC-7100 ended being the winner on my research. I am also biased with ICOM because I have owned all my other communications equipment Marine and Aircraft from that brand without any issues or malfunctions for more that 20 years. Yaesu is a good brand, but the customer service is practically non existent. I own a Yaesu FT-56R hand held for which I asked Yaesu several times for some basic information since I bought it and no response has been received. I rest my case. KO4ETS out

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  2. Correction to the comment titled Unknown: The Yaesu HT that I own is an FT-65R and i intended to title my comment as this correction comment

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  3. Hello. I want to thank you for this blog post. I have the exact comparison happening right now. My wife and I are retired, full-time RVers who volunteer in the national parks and spend our time in the southwest during the winters. I have a law enforcement background. I want to pursue a license for: emcomm, winlink, and travel purposes. I don't have much of a desire for contesting or 'dx'ing. I liked that you have explained your specific needs and circumstances. We will begin studying for technician exam after we read three of the ARRL basic books on electricity, radio, and antenna. We are truly new to amateur radio. However, I want to have an ideal station in mind as I begin reading. Right now, it comes down to these two units. I am curious what the rest of your portable rig consists of (antenna, power, ect). I will search your blog for more information. - John F. Nejedlo

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  4. So what about an update couple months later ? Still the 7100 on the favourite ? Thx and 73’s

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    1. I think this is directed at W8BYH, However, I can say that my wife and I have continued our studies and readings. The more I had read the more I was not very excited about even buying a rig for use during or full-time RV travels. At this point, I was simply reading and studying for the sake of learning a new scientific hobby. I was still bound and determined to get my technician and general ticket after my year of studying during the pandemic.

      I read out loud to Brenda every night as she crochets or knits. Most recently, I was reading from 'Zen & Art of Telegraphy'. We both truly loved this book. The idea of operating QRP CW (SOTA/POTA) has resonated with our RV lifestyle in the western states. I also enjoyed that it could be added with our love to hike and explore geology (I taught geology, astronomy and biology).

      I am fully aware of the difficulties of operating QRP. However, we have started our twice-a-daily Morse Code training using Learn CW Online along with our daily study sessions for the technician and general exams. We cannot safely give our astronomy performances in the national parks during the pandemic, so this a great opportunity to hide-a-way and study for a year to emerge out of the pandemic with a hobby that keeps us active and enjoying our travels.

      So, now we are slowly putting together a model QRP CW rig for SOTA/POTA, which will probably be a Elecraft KX2.

      73

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  5. I have an IC-7100 in transit. I have an RSPdx/uno receiver. Do you know the extent to which the 7100 can be integrated with RSPdx, perhaps with somthing like Win4icom interface? Can the RSP scope be made to follow 7100 tx tuning?

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